Probably bad RTC chip or a tracing problem. DATE doesn't access the RTC chip at all, it simply sets the date for the running OS session, so it works fine even without an RTC.I did it exactly like you but i have a different issue now:
When my Amiga boots to Workbench, it finds the clock and displays a random date and time. When booting is done, i open a CLI window and proceed to set the date using the DATE command, which appears to work. However, when i write "setclock save" it says "no battery backed up clock found"! At this point if i soft-reset my amiga, it is unable to find the clock! Any suggestions?
In my case I used a Shottky diode and soldered it with the silver stripe where the black one is shown there.
I also thought of reccaping my expansion to see if it solves my issue. I know the 2 blue electrolytic caps ar 16v 100uf but do you happen to know the value of c913?
4.7 uF.
The A500 schematics include full A501 schematics as well, for the rev6C A501 take a look at the last page. Will help you with bad trace detection too.